The origin of the name “diabetes
mellitus” is Greek, referring to sweetness or honey (mellitus) that passes
through (diabetes). The two most common types of diabetes are Type 1 diabetes (the
insulin dependent type) and Type 2
diabetes (non-insulin-dependent).
Type 1 diabetes is the pancreas produces
little or no insulin. Type 2 diabetes is that the body does not make enough
insulin to meet its needs and the insulin does not work normally to control
glucose levels. This is termed “insulin resistance” and leads to hyperglycemia.
Although an area of active
research, there is currently no proven means of preventing type 1 diabetes.
However, these lifestyle changes minimize the risk of, and may actually prevent,
type 2 diabetes:
Maintain a healthful weight
Most people who develop type 2
diabetes are overweight. Aggressive efforts aimed at achieving and maintaining
a healthful weight may be beneficial, especially in combination with exercise.
Eat a balanced diet
A diet low in saturated fat and sugar
and high in complex carbohydrates and dietary fiber also has been linked to a
reduced risk of diabetes.
Exercise
People who exercise regularly
have a significantly lower incidence of type 2 diabetes.
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